格藍氏陽性好氧球菌

Gram positive, aerobic cocci

格藍氏陰性好氧桿菌

Gram positive, aerobic rods

• Staphylococcus aureus 

• Staphylococcus epidermidis

• Staphylococcus hemolyticus

• Staphylococcus saprophyticus

• Streptococcus pneumoniae 

• Streptococcus agalactiae 

• Streptococcus mutans

• Streptococcus pyogenes 

• Enterococcus faecalis

• Enterococcus faecium

• Bacillus anthracis

• Bacillus cereus 

• Lactobacillus sp.

• Listeria monocytogenes

• Nocardia asteriodes

• Rhodococcus equi

• Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

• Corynebacterium diptheriae

• Propionibacterium acnes

• Tropheryma whippelii

格藍氏陽性厭氧球菌

Gram positive, anaerobic cocci

格藍氏陽性厭氧桿菌

Gram positive, anaerobic rods

Peptostreptococcus sp.

• Actinomyces isrealii

• Clostridium botulinum

• Clostridium difficile

• Clostridium perfringens

• Clostridium tetani

格藍氏陰性好氧球菌

Gram negative, aerobic cocci

格藍氏陰性好氧桿菌

Gram negative, aerobic rods

• Neisseria gonorrhoeae 

• Neisseria meningitidis 

• Moraxella catarrhalis

• Fastidious, Gram-negative rods

  • Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans 

  • Bordetella pertussis 

  • Brucella abortus

  • Brucella canis

  • Campylobacter fetus

  • Capnocytophaga sp. 

  • Cardiobacterium hominis 

  • Eikenella corrodens 

  • Francisella tularensis 

  • Haemophilus ducreyi 

  • Haemophilus influenzae

  • Haemophilus parainfluenzae

  • Helicobacter pylori

  • Kingella kingii

  • Legionella pneumophila

  • Pasteurella multocida

  • Spirillum minus

  • Streptobacillus moniliformis

• Enterobacteriaceae (glucose-fermenting Gram-negative rods)

  • Citrobacter sp. 

  • Enterobacter sp.

  • Escherichia coli 

  • Klebsiella pneumoniae

  • Morganella sp.

  • Proteus mirabilis

  • Salmonella enteriditis 

  • Salmonella typhi

  • Salmonella choleraesuis

  • Serratia marcescens

  • Shigella flexneri

  • Shigella sonnei

  • Yersinia enterocolitica

  • Yersinia pestis

  • Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

• Oxidase-positive, glucose-fermenting Gram-negative rods

  • Aeromonas sp. 

  • Plesiomonas shigelloides

  • Vibrio cholerae 

  • Vibrio parahemolyticus 

  • Vibrio vulnificus

• Glucose-nonfermenting, Gram-negative rods

  • Acinetobacter baumanii

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa

  • Burkholderia cepacia

  • Burkholderia pseudomallei 

  • Xanthomonas maltophilia  or Stenotrophomonas maltophila

格藍氏陰性厭氧球菌

Gram negative, anaerobic cocci

格藍氏陰性厭氧桿菌

Gram negative, anaerobic rods

Veillonella sp. 

• Bacteroides fragilis

• Prevotella melaninogenica

• Fusobacterium nucleatum

格藍氏染色困難細菌

Bacteria which cannot or are difficult to Gram stain

• Borrelia burgdorferi

• Borrelia recurrentis

• Bartonella bacilliformis

• Bartonella henselae

• Chlamydia trachomatis

• Chlamydia psittaci

• Calymmatobacterium granulomatis(Gram negative rod)

• Coxiella burnetii

• Ehrlichia chafeensis

• Ehrlichia canis

• Legionella pneumophila

• Leptospira interrogans

• Mycobacterium intracellulare

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• Mycobacterium avium

• Mycobacterium bovis

• Mycobacterium leprae

• Mycobacterium marinum

• Rickettsia rickettsii

• Rickettsia akari

• Rickettsia prowazekii

• Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

• Rickettsia typhi

• Treponema carateum

• Treponema petenue

• Treponema pallidum

• Treponema endemicum

• Mycoplasma pneumoniae

• Mycoplasma hominis

• Mycoplasma genitalium